3/17/2024 0 Comments We used stata 13.0 statacorp lpTo date, several meta-analyses and Cochrane Reviews ( 29– 31) have evaluated the beneficial effects of exercise in the prevention of falls in healthy community-dwelling people. Therefore, strategies that aim to modify those risk factors are recommended for preventing falls and subsequent injuries ( 28). Since those people have to confront increased falling and fall-related injuries in their daily lives, developing effective strategies to prevent falls and subsequent injuries is an emergent task.Įxercise has been recognized as an effective approach to fall prevention it targets improving or maintaining muscle mass and strength, bone mass, balance and posture control, gait, and other aspects of physical functioning ( 18, 24– 27). For example, stroke survivors with serious impairment in gait and balance have a much higher risk of falling than healthy adults of a similar age, showing nearly seven times more fall rates ( 23). These symptoms impair posture control and motor capacity, which greatly elevate the fall risk ( 21, 22). Impaired gait, balance, and posture are common symptoms of dementia, Parkinson’s disease, and stroke. The risk factors for falls are worsened in neurodegenerative diseases. Frailty caused by aging often results in lower leg muscle strength ( 16, 17), poor balance and posture control ( 18, 19), and lack of flexibility ( 20), which raises the risk of falling for older people. Frailty represents a decline in multiple systems due to a mixture of physiological and psychological factors, such as low muscle mass and strength, slow walking speed, functional impairment, and weakness ( 14, 15). Approximately 10% of falls result in serious injuries contributing to a major source of morbidity and mortality ( 5, 6, 8).Īging and neurodegenerative diseases are two deleterious conditions that increase the risk of falls and subsequent injuries ( 9– 13). Falls can have serious consequences, such as fractures and head injuries ( 7). It has been estimated that one-third of community-dwelling people aged 65 years and over have at least one fall each year ( 5, 6). More importantly, exercise only induced a very low injury rate per participant year (0.007% 95% CI, 0–0.016) and show relatively good compliance with exercise (74.8 95% CI, 69.7%–79.9%).ĭiscussion: Exercise is effective in reducing neurodegenerative disease- and aging-associated falls and consequent injuries, suggesting that exercise is an effective and feasible strategy for the prevention of falls.įalls and subsequent injuries contribute to a major health problem for older people worldwide ( 1– 4). For fall prevention, balance and combined exercise protocols are both effective, and either short-, moderate-, or long-term intervention duration is beneficial. Exercise also reduced fall-related injuries in ND patients (RR, 0.66 95% CI, 0.48–0.90) and decreased fractures (0.63, 0.41–0.95) and fall-related injuries (0.89, 0.84–0.95) among frail aging people. Exercise is effective in reducing falls for frail aging people (RaR, 0.75 95% CI, 0.68–0.82) and participants with ND (0.53, 0.43–0.65). Results: Sixty-four studies with 13,241 participants met the inclusion criteria. The intervention effects for falls, fractures, and injuries were evaluated by calculating the rate ratio (RaR) or risk ratio (RR) with 95% confidence interval (CI). Randomized controlled trials that reported the effects of exercise on falls and fall-related injuries in neurodegenerative disease and frail aging people were eligible for inclusion. Methods: Electronic database searches were conducted in PubMed, Cochrane Library, SportDiscus, and Web of Science up to 1 January 2023. This study aimed to determine the effects of exercise on falls and consequent injuries among individuals with neurodegenerative diseases and frail aging people. These conditions increase the risk of falls and injuries in these populations. Introduction: Neurodegenerative diseases often cause motor and cognitive deterioration that leads to postural instability and motor impairment, while aging-associated frailty frequently results in reduced muscle mass, balance, and mobility. ![]() 2School of Humanities and Education, Guangzhou Nanyang Polytechnic College, Guangzhou, China. ![]()
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